There is a wide variety of digital data acquisition systems (DAQ) on the market today. They are available in various form factors, speed, sample rate ranges, signal input types, and many other criteria. DAQ systems cover a broad range of measurement applications or acquiring and sampling electrical signals, from general-purpose to very specific, which further influences their designs.
Although the focus of this article is on digital data acquisition systems, there are other kinds of data recorders worth mentioning:
- Digital Data Acquisition
- Data Loggers
- Data Recorders
- Signal Conditioners
- Oscilloscopes
- Spectrum Analyzers
- Vibration Analyzers
Types of Data Acquisition Systems
We can sort digital data acquisition systems according to several important criteria:
By Form Factor
DAQ systems come in a variety of sizes, from small computer-connected modules to stand-alone systems:
- Computer-connected DAQ Modules: These systems are generally less expensive and smaller, connecting directly to a user’s computer.
- Stand-alone Data Acquisition Systems: These systems have built-in computers, making them portable and self-sufficient for data recording and analysis.
- Rack-mounting Data Acquisition Systems: Larger systems suitable for complex and extensive data acquisition needs.
By Distributability
- Modularity: Systems that allow for easy addition or removal of components.
- Interoperability of Acquisition Nodes: Systems that can communicate and work together efficiently.
By Speed
- Slow to Medium Speed (100 S/s to 20 kS/s): Used in process control, machine monitoring, real-time control, factory automation, and general-purpose testing.
- Medium to Fast Speed (up to 200 kS/s): Ideal for noise and vibration tests, vehicle testing, aerospace and military applications.
- Fast Speed (up to 1 MS/s): Used for dynamic shock, impact, crash tests, and power quality analysis.
- Very Fast Speed (up to 15 MS/s): Primarily for transient capture, weapons testing, and high-speed power analysis.
Conclusion
Data acquisition systems play a crucial role in modern technology and research by converting analog signals from various sensors into digital data for analysis. Understanding the different types of DAQ systems helps in choosing the right one for specific applications. From automotive testing and IoT to aerospace and healthcare, DAQ systems enhance our ability to measure, analyze, and interpret real-world phenomena efficiently and accurately.
